The cultural life of the country has grown more closely linked to that of the Slavs of neighboring Serbia, and during the Middle Ages, both in the years following the end of the Ottoman Empire. It was only with the outbreak of the civil war that coexistence apparently no major diversification has resulted in fierce opposition also cultural, creating a sense of pride in belonging to Bosnian own identity as separate from the Serbian and Croatian. The years of conflict, with a long and painful siege of Sarajevo, marked indelibly in the experience of two generations of intellectuals, after the Dayton Accords (1995), the economic and political conditions did not allow for a long time that the cultural life of the country assestasse standards comparable to those in Europe. However, Bosnia and Herzegovina has great intellectual resources, the experience of the war and partly that of exile, forced or chosen in the first person, have paradoxically made more lives; intellectual resistance, indeed, was a source of pride during the war and is the basis of the resilience shown by the country over the following years. In Bosnia and Herzegovina there are four universities: in addition to the capital, Tuzla, Mostar and Banja Luka. In Sarajevo held since 1994 an important film festival, the Sarajevo Film Festival, which was for years the only connection the besieged city with the outside world. In 2005, finally, the old town and the bridge of Mostar, partially rebuilt after the destruction occurred during the civil war has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as well as for their artistic value, as well as a symbol of capacity of coexistence between different cultures and ethnicities. § For Entertainment and Traditions see also item Yugoslavia (former European state).
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